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Second Conditional — Hayalî Koşul (-sa ...ırdı)

Second Conditional, şimdiki ya da gelecekteki hayalî, gerçek dışı veya pek olası olmayan durumları anlatır. Türkçedeki '-sa ...ırdı' (zengin olsam dünyayı gezerdim) yapısının karşılığıdır. 'If' tarafında Past Simple kullanılır ama anlam geçmiş değil, hayalîdir.

Ne zaman kullanılır?

  • Şu anki gerçek dışı durum

    If I had more time, I'd learn to play the piano.

  • Olası olmayan gelecek hayaller

    If we won the lottery, we'd buy a house by the sea.

  • Tavsiye verme (If I were you)

    If I were you, I'd talk to him.

  • Kibar rica ve teklif

    Would you mind if I opened the window?

  • Varsayımsal sorular (sohbet açmak için)

    What would you do if you could live anywhere?

Yapı

TürFormülÖrnek
OlumluIf + Past Simple, subject + would/could + V1If I knew the answer, I'd tell you.
OlumsuzIf + subject + didn't + V1, subject + wouldn't + V1If I didn't have a car, I wouldn't go there.
SoruWhat would + subject + V1 + if + Past Simple?What would you do if you lost your job?

İşaret kelimeleri: ifwouldcouldmightif I were youimaginesupposewhat if

Türklerin sık yaptığı hatalar

✗ If I would have money, I would buy it.

✓ If I had money, I would buy it.

'If' tarafında 'would' kullanılmaz; Past Simple gelir.

✗ If I am you, I would go.

✓ If I were you, I would go.

Tavsiye kalıbı sabittir: 'If I were you'.

✗ If I won the lottery, I will travel.

✓ If I won the lottery, I would travel.

Hayalî durumda sonuç kısmı 'would' ile kurulur.

✗ If I knew her number, I would called her.

✓ If I knew her number, I would call her.

'Would' sonrası fiil yalın (V1) kalır.

Konuşmada nasıl kullanılır?

  • Konuşmada 'would' neredeyse her zaman kısaltılır: 'I'd', 'we'd', 'she'd'. Olumsuzu 'wouldn't'.
  • 'If I were you, I'd...' tavsiye vermenin en doğal ve kibar yoludur. Günlük konuşmada 'If I was you' da duyulur ama 'were' daha doğrudur.
  • 'What would you do if...?' soruları sohbet başlatmanın harika bir yoludur; çiftler için eğlenceli bir oyundur.
  • Kısa cevaplar: 'Would you move abroad?' → 'Yes, I would.' / 'I'd love to!' / 'Probably not.'

Konuşma görevi

'What would you do if...?' oyunu oynayın: her biriniz partnerinize sırayla hayalî sorular sorsun ve cevabı en az iki cümleyle açıklasın. Sorular: 'What would you do if you didn't have to work?', 'If you could have dinner with any famous person, who would it be?', 'Where would we live if money wasn't a problem?', 'If you were me, what would you change in our daily routine?'

Kendinizi test edin

  1. 1. If I ___ rich, I'd travel the world.

    • A) am
    • B) would be
    • C) were
    • D) will be
    Cevabı göster

    C) were — Second Conditional'da 'if' tarafı Past Simple: were.

  2. 2. If I were you, I ___ that job.

    • A) would take
    • B) will take
    • C) took
    • D) take
    Cevabı göster

    A) would take — Tavsiye: If I were you, I'd (would) + V1.

  3. 3. Which sentence is correct?

    • A) If I would know, I would tell you.
    • B) If I knew, I would tell you.
    • C) If I know, I would tell you.
    • D) If I knew, I will tell you.
    Cevabı göster

    B) If I knew, I would tell you. — If + Past Simple, would + V1.

  4. 4. What ___ you do if you lost your phone?

    • A) will
    • B) did
    • C) do
    • D) would
    Cevabı göster

    D) would — Hayalî durum sorusu: What would you do...?

  5. 5. If we ___ a garden, we would grow tomatoes.

    • A) have
    • B) had
    • C) would have
    • D) will have
    Cevabı göster

    B) had — Şu anda bahçemiz yok (gerçek dışı): had.

  6. 6. Which is a polite request?

    • A) Would you mind if I sat here?
    • B) Would you mind if I will sit here?
    • C) Do you mind if I would sit here?
    • D) Would you mind I sit here?
    Cevabı göster

    A) Would you mind if I sat here? — Kibar rica: Would you mind if + Past Simple?